Overwrite

from typing import Annotated
import operator
from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
from langgraph.types import Overwrite

class State(TypedDict):
    messages: Annotated[list, operator.add]

def node_a(state: TypedDict):
    # Normal update: uses the reducer (operator.add)
    return {"messages": ["a"]}

def node_b(state: State):
    # Overwrite: bypasses the reducer and replaces the entire value
    return {"messages": Overwrite(value=["b"])}

builder = StateGraph(State)
builder.add_node("node_a", node_a)
builder.add_node("node_b", node_b)
builder.set_entry_point("node_a")
builder.add_edge("node_a", "node_b")
graph = builder.compile()

# Without Overwrite in node_b, messages would be ["START", "a", "b"]
# With Overwrite, messages is just ["b"]
result = graph.invoke({"messages": ["START"]})
assert result == {"messages": ["b"]}