Backends control how deep agents store files and manage state. Choose a backend based on your persistence and isolation requirements.
Learn more: For detailed guidance on choosing and configuring backends, see the Backends documentation.
Backend that stores files in agent state (ephemeral).
Uses LangGraph's state management and checkpointing. Files persist within a conversation thread but not across threads. State is automatically ch
Backend that stores files in LangGraph's BaseStore (persistent).
Uses LangGraph's Store for persistent, cross-conversation storage. Files are organized via namespaces and persist across all threads.
Backend that reads and writes files directly from the filesystem.
Files are accessed using their actual filesystem paths. Relative paths are resolved relative to the current working directory. Conten
Backend that routes file operations to different backends based on path prefix.
This enables hybrid storage strategies like:
/memories/ → StoreBackend (persistent, cross-thread)Base sandbox implementation with execute() as the only abstract method.
This class provides default implementations for all SandboxBackendProtocol methods using shell commands executed via execute().
Result of code execution. Simplified schema optimized for LLM consumption.
Result of a single file upload operation.
Result of a single file download operation.